import datetime
import logging
import runpy
from contextlib import AbstractContextManager
from dataclasses import dataclass
from decimal import Decimal
from pathlib import Path
from queue import Queue
from typing import Optional, Callable, Tuple, Type
import logging
import pandas as pd
from tradeexecutor.backtest.backtest_execution import BacktestExecution
from tradeexecutor.backtest.backtest_generic_router import EthereumBacktestPairConfigurator
from tradeexecutor.backtest.backtest_pricing import BacktestPricing
from tradeexecutor.backtest.backtest_routing import BacktestRoutingModel
from tradeexecutor.backtest.backtest_sync import BacktestSyncModel
from tradeexecutor.backtest.legacy_backtest_sync import BacktestSyncer
from tradeexecutor.backtest.backtest_valuation import BacktestValuationModel
from tradeexecutor.backtest.simulated_wallet import SimulatedWallet
from tradeexecutor.cli.log import setup_notebook_logging, setup_custom_log_levels, setup_strategy_logging
from tradeexecutor.cli.loop import ExecutionLoop, ExecutionTestHook
from tradeexecutor.ethereum.routing_data import get_routing_model, get_backtest_routing_model
from tradeexecutor.state.state import State
from tradeexecutor.state.store import NoneStore
from tradeexecutor.state.types import USDollarAmount
from tradeexecutor.strategy.approval import UncheckedApprovalModel, ApprovalModel
from tradeexecutor.strategy.cycle import CycleDuration
from tradeexecutor.strategy.description import StrategyExecutionDescription
from tradeexecutor.strategy.execution_context import ExecutionContext, ExecutionMode, standalone_backtest_execution_context
from tradeexecutor.strategy.generic.generic_pricing_model import GenericPricing
from tradeexecutor.strategy.generic.generic_router import GenericRouting
from tradeexecutor.strategy.pandas_trader.indicator import CreateIndicatorsProtocolV1, calculate_and_load_indicators, DiskIndicatorStorage, IndicatorSet, \
IndicatorKey, load_indicators, CreateIndicatorsProtocol, call_create_indicators
from tradeexecutor.strategy.pandas_trader.runner import PandasTraderRunner
from tradeexecutor.strategy.pandas_trader.strategy_input import StrategyInputIndicators
from tradeexecutor.strategy.strategy_module import parse_strategy_module, \
DecideTradesProtocol, CreateTradingUniverseProtocol, CURRENT_ENGINE_VERSION, StrategyModuleInformation, DecideTradesProtocol2, read_strategy_module, \
StrategyParameters, DecideTradesProtocol3, DecideTradesProtocol4
from tradeexecutor.strategy.engine_version import TradingStrategyEngineVersion
from tradeexecutor.strategy.reserve_currency import ReserveCurrency
from tradeexecutor.strategy.default_routing_options import TradeRouting
from tradeexecutor.strategy.trading_strategy_universe import TradingStrategyUniverse, \
DefaultTradingStrategyUniverseModel
from tradeexecutor.strategy.universe_model import StaticUniverseModel, UniverseOptions
from tradeexecutor.utils.accuracy import setup_decimal_accuracy
from tradeexecutor.utils.cpu import get_safe_max_workers_count
from tradeexecutor.utils.timer import timed_task
from tradingstrategy.client import Client
from tradingstrategy.timebucket import TimeBucket
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
[docs]@dataclass
class BacktestSetup:
"""Describe backtest setup, ready to run."""
#: Test start
#:
#: Legacy. Use `UniverseOptions`.
#:
start_at: datetime.datetime | None
#: Test end
#:
#: Legacy. Use `UniverseOptions`.
#:
end_at: datetime.datetime | None
#: Override trading_strategy_cycle from strategy module
universe_options: UniverseOptions
#: Override trading_strategy_cycle from strategy module
cycle_duration: Optional[CycleDuration]
universe: Optional[TradingStrategyUniverse]
wallet: SimulatedWallet
state: State
pricing_model: Optional[BacktestPricing]
routing_model: Optional[BacktestRoutingModel]
execution_model: BacktestExecution
sync_model: BacktestSyncModel
trading_strategy_engine_version: str
trade_routing: TradeRouting
reserve_currency: ReserveCurrency
decide_trades: DecideTradesProtocol
create_trading_universe: Optional[CreateTradingUniverseProtocol]
#
# Indicators needed for this backtest
# - create_indicators() used with a single backtest
# - indicators used by grid search as indicators have been defined and calculated in a prior step
#
create_indicators: Optional[CreateIndicatorsProtocolV1] = None
indicator_combinations: Optional[set[IndicatorKey]] = None
indicator_storage: Optional[DiskIndicatorStorage] = None
data_preload: bool = True
#: Name for this backtest
name: str = "backtest"
minimum_data_lookback_range: Optional[datetime.timedelta] = None
# strategy_module: StrategyModuleInformation
pair_configurator: Optional[EthereumBacktestPairConfigurator] = None
#: Backtest/grid parameters
#:
#: When trading_strategy_engine_version >= 0.4
#:
parameters: StrategyParameters | None = None
#: Is this backtest part a grid saerch
#:
grid_search: bool = False
#: What's the execution mode of this backtest run
#:
mode: ExecutionMode = ExecutionMode.backtesting
#: How many workers to use for indicator calculation
#:
max_workers: int = 8
[docs] def backtest_static_universe_strategy_factory(
self,
*ignore,
execution_model: BacktestExecution,
execution_context: ExecutionContext,
sync_model: BacktestSyncModel,
pricing_model_factory: Callable,
valuation_model_factory: Callable,
client: Client,
timed_task_context_manager: AbstractContextManager,
approval_model: ApprovalModel,
**kwargs) -> StrategyExecutionDescription:
"""Create a strategy description and runner based on backtest parameters in this setup."""
logger.info("backtest_static_universe_strategy_factory(), engine version is %s", execution_context.engine_version)
assert not execution_context.live_trading, f"This can be only used for backtesting strategies. execution context is {execution_context}"
if self.universe:
# Trading universe is set by unit tests
universe_model = StaticUniverseModel(self.universe)
else:
# Trading universe is loaded by the strategy script
universe_model = DefaultTradingStrategyUniverseModel(
client,
execution_context,
self.create_trading_universe)
if self.routing_model:
# Use passed routing model
routing_model = self.routing_model
else:
# Use routing model from the strategy.
# The strategy file chooses one of predefined routing models.
trade_routing = self.trade_routing
assert trade_routing, "Strategy module did not provide trade_routing"
routing_model = get_backtest_routing_model(trade_routing, self.reserve_currency)
runner = PandasTraderRunner(
timed_task_context_manager=timed_task_context_manager,
execution_model=execution_model,
approval_model=approval_model,
valuation_model_factory=valuation_model_factory,
sync_model=sync_model,
pricing_model_factory=pricing_model_factory,
routing_model=routing_model,
decide_trades=self.decide_trades,
execution_context=execution_context,
parameters=self.parameters,
)
return StrategyExecutionDescription(
universe_model=universe_model,
runner=runner,
trading_strategy_engine_version=self.trading_strategy_engine_version,
cycle_duration=self.cycle_duration,
)
[docs] def prepare_indicators(self, execution_context: ExecutionContext) -> StrategyInputIndicators:
"""Prepare indicators for this backtest run.
- Calculate and cache the indicator results
- Display TQDM progress bar about reading cached results and calculating new indicators
"""
if self.create_indicators is None:
# Legacy - create_indicators() not defined
# Empty indicator set
return StrategyInputIndicators(
self.universe,
IndicatorSet(),
{}
)
assert self.universe is not None, "You need to pass backtest_universe if you want to use create_indicators"
assert self.parameters is not None, "You need to pass backtest parameters if you want to use create_indicators"
assert self.indicator_storage, f"indicator_storage missing"
storage = self.indicator_storage
indicator_set = call_create_indicators(
self.create_indicators,
parameters=self.parameters,
strategy_universe=self.universe,
execution_context=execution_context,
)
indicator_results = calculate_and_load_indicators(
strategy_universe=self.universe,
storage=storage,
execution_context=execution_context,
indicators=indicator_set,
parameters=self.parameters,
max_workers=self.max_workers,
)
strategy_input_indicators = StrategyInputIndicators(
self.universe,
indicator_results=indicator_results,
available_indicators=indicator_set,
)
return strategy_input_indicators
[docs] def load_indicators(self) -> StrategyInputIndicators:
"""Load indicators for this backtest.
- Applies for grid search execution path
- All indicators must be precalculated in cache warm up
"""
assert self.indicator_combinations is not None
assert type(self.indicator_combinations) == set
assert self.indicator_storage, f"indicator_storage missing"
storage = self.indicator_storage
available_indicators = IndicatorSet.from_indicator_keys(self.indicator_combinations)
indicator_results = load_indicators(
self.universe,
storage,
available_indicators,
self.indicator_combinations,
show_progress=False, # Don't mess main grid search notebook progress bars
)
logger.info(
"BacktestSetup.load_indicators() - loaded %d indicator result out of %d total results, %d indicators defined",
len(indicator_results),
len(self.indicator_combinations),
available_indicators.get_count(),
)
if len(indicator_results) != len(self.indicator_combinations):
for key in self.indicator_combinations:
if key not in indicator_results:
cache_path = storage.get_indicator_path(key)
raise RuntimeError(f"Indicator key {key} could not be loaded - but is assumed to be on available. Cache path is {cache_path}")
strategy_input_indicators = StrategyInputIndicators(
self.universe,
indicator_results=indicator_results,
available_indicators=available_indicators,
)
return strategy_input_indicators
[docs]def setup_backtest_for_universe(
strategy: Path | StrategyModuleInformation,
start_at: datetime.datetime,
end_at: datetime.datetime,
cycle_duration: CycleDuration,
initial_deposit: int | float,
universe: TradingStrategyUniverse,
routing_model: Optional[BacktestRoutingModel] = None,
max_slippage=0.01,
validate_strategy_module=False,
candle_time_frame: Optional[TimeBucket]=None,
allow_missing_fees=False,
name: Optional[str] = None,
universe_options: Optional[UniverseOptions] = None,
create_indicators: CreateIndicatorsProtocol | None = None,
parameters: StrategyParameters | None = None,
indicator_storage: DiskIndicatorStorage | None = None,
max_workers: int | None = None,
):
"""High-level entry point for setting up a single backtest for a predefined universe.
The trading universe creation from the strategy is skipped,
instead of you can pass your own universe e.g. synthetic universe.
This is useful for running backtests against synthetic universes.
:param cycle_duration:
Override the default strategy cycle duration
:param allow_missing_fees:
Legacy workaround
:param candle_time_frame:
Override the default strategy candle time bucket
"""
assert initial_deposit >= 0, f"Got initial deposit amount: {initial_deposit}"
wallet = SimulatedWallet()
# deposit_syncer = BacktestSyncer(wallet, Decimal(initial_deposit))
sync_model = BacktestSyncModel(wallet, Decimal(initial_deposit))
# Create the initial state
state = State()
events = sync_model.sync_treasury(start_at, state, universe.reserve_assets)
# assert len(events) == 1
token, usd_exchange_rate = state.portfolio.get_default_reserve_asset()
assert usd_exchange_rate == 1
assert state.portfolio.get_cash() == initial_deposit
# Load strategy Python file
if isinstance(strategy, Path):
strategy_path = strategy
strategy_mod_exports: dict = runpy.run_path(strategy_path)
strategy_module = parse_strategy_module(strategy_path, strategy_mod_exports)
elif isinstance(strategy, StrategyModuleInformation):
strategy_module = strategy
else:
raise AssertionError(f"Unsupported {strategy}")
if validate_strategy_module:
# Allow partial strategies to be used in unit testing
strategy_module.validate()
assert strategy.trading_strategy_engine_version
trade_routing = strategy_module.trade_routing
stop_loss_data_available = False
if universe:
if universe.backtest_stop_loss_candles is not None:
stop_loss_data_available = True
# Check version to avoid issues with legacy code
if trade_routing == TradeRouting.default and strategy_module.is_version_greater_or_equal_than(0, 3, 0):
pair_configurator = EthereumBacktestPairConfigurator(universe)
routing_model = GenericRouting(pair_configurator)
pricing_model = GenericPricing(pair_configurator)
else:
# Set up execution and pricing
pricing_model = BacktestPricing(universe.data_universe.candles, routing_model, allow_missing_fees=allow_missing_fees)
execution_model = BacktestExecution(wallet, max_slippage, stop_loss_data_available=stop_loss_data_available)
if universe_options is None:
universe_options = UniverseOptions(candle_time_bucket_override=candle_time_frame)
return BacktestSetup(
start_at=start_at,
end_at=end_at,
cycle_duration=cycle_duration,
universe_options=universe_options,
wallet=wallet,
state=state,
universe=universe,
pricing_model=pricing_model,
execution_model=execution_model,
routing_model=routing_model,
sync_model=sync_model,
decide_trades=strategy_module.decide_trades,
create_trading_universe=None,
reserve_currency=strategy_module.reserve_currency,
trade_routing=strategy_module.trade_routing,
trading_strategy_engine_version=strategy_module.trading_strategy_engine_version,
name=name,
create_indicators=create_indicators,
parameters=parameters,
indicator_storage=indicator_storage,
max_workers=max_workers or get_safe_max_workers_count(),
)
[docs]def setup_backtest(
strategy_path: Path,
start_at: Optional[datetime.datetime] = None,
end_at: Optional[datetime.datetime] = None,
initial_deposit: Optional[USDollarAmount] = None,
max_slippage: Optional[float] = 0.01,
cycle_duration: Optional[CycleDuration]=None,
candle_time_frame: Optional[TimeBucket]=None,
strategy_module: Optional[StrategyModuleInformation]=None,
name: Optional[str] = None,
minimum_data_lookback_range: Optional[datetime.timedelta] = None,
universe_options: Optional[UniverseOptions] = None,
client: Optional[Client] = None,
) -> BacktestSetup:
"""High-level entry point for setting up a backtest from a strategy module.
- This function is useful for running backtests for strategies in
notebooks and unit tests
- Instead of giving strategy and trading universe as direct function arguments,
this entry point loads a strategy given as a Python file
.. note ::
A lot of arguments for this function are optional/
unit test only/legacy. Only `strategy_path` is needed.
See also
- :py:func:`run_backtest_inline`
:param strategy_path:
Path to the strategy Python module
:param start_at:
Legacy. Use universe_options.
:param end_at:
Legacy. Use universe_options.
:param max_slippage:
Legacy
:param cycle_duration:
Override the default strategy cycle duration
:param candle_time_frame:
Legacy. Use universe_options.
Override the default strategy candle time bucket
:param strategy_module:
If strategy module was previously loaded
:param initial_deposit:
Legacy.
Override INITIAL_CASH from the strategy module.
"""
assert max_slippage >= 0, f"You must give max slippage. Got max slippage {max_slippage}"
assert isinstance(strategy_path, Path), f"Got {strategy_path}"
# Load strategy Python file
if strategy_module is None:
# strategy_mod_exports: dict = runpy.run_path(strategy_path)
# strategy_module = parse_strategy_module(strategy_path, strategy_mod_exports)
strategy_module = read_strategy_module(strategy_path)
if not initial_deposit:
initial_deposit = strategy_module.initial_cash
assert initial_deposit, "Initial cash not given as argument or strategy module"
assert initial_deposit > 0, "Must have money"
# Just in case we have not done this yet
setup_custom_log_levels()
wallet = SimulatedWallet()
# deposit_syncer = BacktestSyncer(wallet, Decimal(initial_deposit))
sync_model = BacktestSyncModel(wallet, Decimal(initial_deposit))
if strategy_module.is_version_greater_or_equal_than(0, 2, 0):
# Backtest variables were injected later in the development
strategy_module.validate_backtest()
else:
strategy_module.validate()
if universe_options is None:
universe_options = UniverseOptions(
candle_time_bucket_override=candle_time_frame,
start_at=strategy_module.backtest_start or start_at,
end_at=strategy_module.backtest_end or end_at,
)
if not name:
name = strategy_module.name or f"Backtest for {strategy_module.path.stem}"
stop_loss_data_available = False
if client is not None:
logger.info("Loading backtesting universe data for %s", universe_options)
universe = strategy_module.create_trading_universe(
pd.Timestamp.utcnow(),
client,
standalone_backtest_execution_context,
universe_options,
)
stop_loss_data_available = universe.has_stop_loss_data()
else:
universe = None
if universe is not None and strategy_module.trade_routing == TradeRouting.default:
pair_configurator = EthereumBacktestPairConfigurator(universe)
routing_model = GenericRouting(pair_configurator)
pricing_model = GenericPricing(pair_configurator)
else:
routing_model = None
pricing_model = None
execution_model = BacktestExecution(
wallet,
max_slippage,
stop_loss_data_available=stop_loss_data_available,
)
return BacktestSetup(
universe_options.start_at,
universe_options.end_at,
cycle_duration=cycle_duration or strategy_module.trading_strategy_cycle, # Pick overridden cycle duration if provided
universe_options=universe_options,
wallet=wallet,
state=State(name=name),
universe=universe,
pricing_model=pricing_model,
execution_model=execution_model,
routing_model=routing_model,
sync_model=sync_model,
decide_trades=strategy_module.decide_trades,
create_trading_universe=strategy_module.create_trading_universe,
reserve_currency=strategy_module.reserve_currency,
trade_routing=strategy_module.trade_routing,
trading_strategy_engine_version=strategy_module.trading_strategy_engine_version,
name=name,
minimum_data_lookback_range=minimum_data_lookback_range,
)
[docs]def run_backtest(
setup: BacktestSetup,
client: Optional[Client]=None,
allow_missing_fees=False,
execution_test_hook: Optional[ExecutionTestHook] = None,
) -> Tuple[State, TradingStrategyUniverse, dict]:
"""Run a strategy backtest.
Loads strategy file, construct trading universe is real data
downloaded with Trading Strategy client.
:param allow_missing_fees:
Legacy workaround
:return:
Tuple(the final state of the backtest, trading universe, debug dump)
"""
# State is pristine and not used yet
assert len(list(setup.state.portfolio.get_all_trades())) == 0
# Create empty state for this backtest
store = NoneStore(setup.state)
# Captured in teh callback
backtest_universe: TradingStrategyUniverse = None
def pricing_model_factory(execution_model, universe: TradingStrategyUniverse, routing_model):
if setup.pricing_model:
# Use pricing model given inline
return setup.pricing_model
return BacktestPricing(
universe,
routing_model,
data_delay_tolerance=guess_data_delay_tolerance(universe),
allow_missing_fees=allow_missing_fees,
)
def valuation_model_factory(pricing_model):
return BacktestValuationModel(pricing_model)
if not setup.universe:
def backtest_setup(state: State, universe: TradingStrategyUniverse, sync_model: BacktestSyncModel):
# Use strategy script create_trading_universe() hook to construct the universe
# Called on the first cycle. Only if the universe is not predefined.
# Create the initial state of the execution.
nonlocal backtest_universe
# Mark backtest stop loss data being available,
# after create_trading_universe() has loaded it
if universe.has_stop_loss_data():
setup.execution_model.stop_loss_data_available = True
#events = deposit_syncer(state.portfolio, setup.start_at, universe.reserve_assets)
#assert len(events) == 1, f"Did not get 1 initial backtest deposit event, got {len(events)} events.\nMake sure you did not call backtest_setup() twice?"
events = sync_model.sync_treasury(setup.start_at, state, list(universe.reserve_assets))
# assert len(events) == 1, f"Did not get 1 initial backtest deposit event, got {len(events)} events.\nMake sure you did not call backtest_setup() twice?"
token, usd_exchange_rate = state.portfolio.get_default_reserve_asset()
assert usd_exchange_rate == 1
backtest_universe = universe
else:
backtest_universe = setup.universe
def backtest_setup(state: State, universe: TradingStrategyUniverse, deposit_syncer: BacktestSyncer):
pass
execution_context = ExecutionContext(
mode=setup.mode,
timed_task_context_manager=timed_task,
engine_version=setup.trading_strategy_engine_version,
parameters=setup.parameters,
grid_search=setup.grid_search,
)
if execution_context.is_version_greater_or_equal_than(0, 5, 0):
# Needed for DecideTradesProtocolV4
if setup.create_indicators is not None:
# Indicators need to be created now
backtest_strategy_indicators = setup.prepare_indicators(execution_context)
elif setup.indicator_combinations is not None:
# Grid search
# Indicators were created earlier, load now
backtest_strategy_indicators = setup.load_indicators()
else:
raise AssertionError(f"run_backtest(): You must give either create_indicators or indicator_combinations argument")
else:
# Legacy
backtest_strategy_indicators = None
main_loop = ExecutionLoop(
name=setup.name,
command_queue=Queue(),
execution_model=setup.execution_model,
execution_context=execution_context,
sync_model=setup.sync_model,
approval_model=UncheckedApprovalModel(),
pricing_model_factory=pricing_model_factory,
valuation_model_factory=valuation_model_factory,
store=store,
client=client,
strategy_factory=setup.backtest_static_universe_strategy_factory,
cycle_duration=setup.cycle_duration,
stats_refresh_frequency=None,
position_trigger_check_frequency=None,
max_data_delay=None,
debug_dump_file=None,
backtest_start=setup.start_at,
backtest_end=setup.end_at,
backtest_setup=backtest_setup,
backtest_candle_time_frame_override=setup.universe_options.candle_time_bucket_override,
tick_offset=datetime.timedelta(seconds=1),
trade_immediately=True,
execution_test_hook=execution_test_hook,
minimum_data_lookback_range=setup.minimum_data_lookback_range,
universe_options=setup.universe_options,
backtest_strategy_indicators=backtest_strategy_indicators,
)
diagnostics_data = main_loop.run_and_setup_backtest()
# Expose to the caller through non-API.
# Don't serialise this in grid search to make it faster/save space
if not execution_context.grid_search:
diagnostics_data["indicators"] = backtest_strategy_indicators
return setup.state, backtest_universe, diagnostics_data
[docs]def run_backtest_inline(
*ignore,
start_at: Optional[datetime.datetime] = None,
end_at: Optional[datetime.datetime] = None,
minimum_data_lookback_range: Optional[datetime.timedelta] = None,
client: Optional[Client],
decide_trades: DecideTradesProtocol | DecideTradesProtocol2 | DecideTradesProtocol3 | DecideTradesProtocol4,
create_trading_universe: CreateTradingUniverseProtocol = None,
create_indicators: CreateIndicatorsProtocol = None,
indicator_combinations: set[IndicatorKey] | None = None,
indicator_storage: DiskIndicatorStorage | None = None,
cycle_duration: CycleDuration | None = None,
initial_deposit: float | None = None,
reserve_currency: ReserveCurrency | None = None,
trade_routing: Optional[TradeRouting] | None = None,
universe: Optional[TradingStrategyUniverse] = None,
routing_model: Optional[BacktestRoutingModel] = None,
max_slippage=0.01,
candle_time_frame: Optional[TimeBucket] = None,
log_level=logging.WARNING,
data_preload=True,
data_delay_tolerance: Optional[pd.Timedelta] = None,
name: str="backtest",
allow_missing_fees=False,
engine_version: Optional[TradingStrategyEngineVersion] = None,
strategy_logging=False,
parameters: Type | StrategyParameters | None = None,
mode: ExecutionMode = ExecutionMode.backtesting,
max_workers=8,
grid_search=False,
) -> Tuple[State, TradingStrategyUniverse, dict]:
"""Run backtests for given decide_trades and create_trading_universe functions.
Does not load strategy from a separate .py file.
Useful for running strategies directly from notebooks.
:param name:
Name for this backtest. If not set default to "backtest".
:param start_at:
When backtesting starts.
If not given take the date of the first candle.
:param end_at:
When backtesting ends.
If not given take the date of the last candle.
:param minimum_data_lookback_range:
If start_at and end_at are not given, use this range to determine the backtesting period. Cannot be used with start_at and end_at. Automatically ends at the current time.
:param client:
You need to set up a Trading Strategy client for fetching the data
:param decide_trades:
Trade decider function of your strategy
:param create_trading_universe:
Universe creation function of your strategy.
You must give either create_trading_universe or universe.
:param universe:
The pregenerated universe for this backtest.
You must give either create_trading_universe or universe.
:param cycle_duration:
Strategy cycle duration
:param candle_time_frame:
Candles we use for this strategy
:param initial_deposit:
how much reserve currency we allocate as a capital at the beginning of the backtest
:param reserve_currency:
Reserve currency used for the strategy
:param trade_routing:
Routing model for trades
:param routing_model:
Use a predefined routing model.
:param max_slippage:
Max slippage tolerance for trades before execution failure
:param log_level:
Python logging level to display log messages during the backtest run.
:param data_preload:
Before the backtesting begins, load and cache datasets
with nice progress bar to the user.
:param data_delay_tolerance:
What is the maximum hours/days lookup we allow in the backtesting when we ask for the latest price of an asset.
The asset price fetch might fail due to sparse candle data - trades have not been made or the blockchain was halted during the price look-up period.
Because there are no trades we cannot determine what was the correct asset price using {data_delay_tolerance} data tolerance delay.
The default value `None` tries to guess the value based on the univerity candle timeframe,
but often this guess is incorrect as only analysing every pair data gives a correct answer.
The workarounds include ignoring assets in your backtest that might not have price data (look up they have enough valid candles
at the decide_trades timestamp) or simply increasing this parameter.
This parameter is passed to :py:class:`tradeexecutor.backtest.backtest_pricing.BacktestSimplePricingModel`.
:param allow_missing_fees:
Allow synthetic data to lack fee information.
Only set in legacy backtests.
:param engine_version:
The used TS engine version/
See :py:mod:`tradeexecutor.strategy.engine_version`.
:param strategy_logging:
Enable PositionManager log output.
Set `True` to display output.
See :py:meth:`tradeexecutor.strategy.pandas_trading.position_manager.PositionManager.log` for usage.
:param parameters:
Strategy parameters as a singleton class.
Allows using the same parameter structure for single backtest runs and gridtesting.
See :py:class:`tradeexecutor.strategy.parameters.StrategyParameters`.
:param max_workers:
Maximum number of worker processes to use to calculate indicators.
Set to `1` to disable multiprocessing / debug.
:return:
tuple (State of a completely executed strategy, trading strategy universe, debug dump dict)
"""
from tradeexecutor.monkeypatch import cloudpickle_patch # Enable pickle patch that allows multiprocessing in notebooks
if ignore:
# https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3102/
raise TypeError("Only keyword arguments accepted")
if parameters is not None:
if type(parameters) == type:
# Class like definition
parameters = StrategyParameters.from_class(parameters, grid_search=False)
else:
assert isinstance(parameters, StrategyParameters)
parameters.validate_backtest()
if start_at is None and end_at is None:
start_at, end_at = universe.data_universe.candles.get_timestamp_range()
start_at = start_at.to_pydatetime()
end_at = end_at.to_pydatetime()
if start_at:
assert isinstance(start_at, datetime.datetime)
assert end_at, "You must give end_at if you give start_at"
if end_at:
assert isinstance(end_at, datetime.datetime)
assert start_at, "You must give start_at if you give end_at"
if universe:
assert isinstance(universe, TradingStrategyUniverse)
if trade_routing is None:
trade_routing = TradeRouting.default
if trade_routing == TradeRouting.default:
assert universe is not None, "Cannot do generic routing in backtesting without universe"
if cycle_duration is None:
assert parameters, f"You need to give either cycle_duration or parameters argument"
cycle_duration = parameters.cycle_duration
if initial_deposit is None:
assert parameters, f"You need to give either initial_deposit or parameters argument"
initial_deposit = parameters.initial_cash
assert initial_deposit > 0
# Setup our special logging level if not done yet.
# (Not done when called from notebook)
if strategy_logging:
setup_strategy_logging()
else:
setup_notebook_logging(log_level)
# Make sure no rounding bugs
setup_decimal_accuracy()
wallet = SimulatedWallet()
# deposit_syncer = BacktestSyncer(wallet, Decimal(initial_deposit))
sync_model = BacktestSyncModel(wallet, Decimal(initial_deposit))
stop_loss_data_available = universe.has_stop_loss_data() if universe else False
execution_model = BacktestExecution(
wallet,
max_slippage,
stop_loss_data_available=stop_loss_data_available,
)
if universe:
pair_configurator = EthereumBacktestPairConfigurator(universe)
if trade_routing == TradeRouting.default:
routing_model = GenericRouting(pair_configurator)
elif not routing_model:
assert trade_routing, "You just give either routing_mode or trade_routing"
routing_model = get_backtest_routing_model(trade_routing, reserve_currency)
if data_delay_tolerance is None:
data_delay_tolerance = guess_data_delay_tolerance(universe)
if trade_routing == TradeRouting.default:
pricing_model = GenericPricing(pair_configurator)
else:
pricing_model = BacktestPricing(
universe.data_universe.candles,
routing_model,
data_delay_tolerance=data_delay_tolerance,
allow_missing_fees=allow_missing_fees,
)
else:
assert create_trading_universe, "Must give create_trading_universe if no universe given"
pricing_model = None
universe_options = UniverseOptions(
candle_time_bucket_override=candle_time_frame,
start_at=start_at,
end_at=end_at,
)
# Create default storage
if indicator_storage is None and universe is not None:
indicator_storage = DiskIndicatorStorage.create_default(universe)
backtest_setup = BacktestSetup(
start_at,
end_at,
cycle_duration=cycle_duration, # Pick overridden cycle duration if provided
universe_options=universe_options,
wallet=wallet,
state=State(name=name),
universe=universe,
pricing_model=pricing_model, # Will be set up later
execution_model=execution_model,
routing_model=routing_model, # Use given routing model if available
sync_model=sync_model,
decide_trades=decide_trades,
create_trading_universe=create_trading_universe,
indicator_combinations=indicator_combinations,
indicator_storage=indicator_storage,
create_indicators=create_indicators,
reserve_currency=reserve_currency,
trade_routing=trade_routing,
trading_strategy_engine_version=engine_version,
name=name,
data_preload=data_preload,
minimum_data_lookback_range=minimum_data_lookback_range,
parameters=parameters,
mode=mode,
max_workers=max_workers,
grid_search=grid_search,
)
state, universe, debug_dump = run_backtest(backtest_setup, client, allow_missing_fees=True)
debug_dump["wallet"] = wallet
#: TODO: Hack to pass the backtest data range to the grid search
#:
universe.options = universe_options
return state, universe, debug_dump
[docs]def guess_data_delay_tolerance(universe: TradingStrategyUniverse) -> pd.Timedelta:
"""Try to dynamically be flexible with the backtesting pricing look up.
This could work around some data quality issues or early historical data.
"""
if universe.data_universe.time_bucket == TimeBucket.d7:
data_delay_tolerance = pd.Timedelta("9d")
else:
data_delay_tolerance = pd.Timedelta("2d")
return data_delay_tolerance